PETROLEUM PUMPS

Petroleum pumps are pumping units designed for handling petroleum and petroleum products such as fuel, liquefied carbon gases, and highly viscous liquids. These pumps can operate under special conditions, exposed to hydrocarbons and wide temperature and pressure value variations. They are used to pump petroleum, petroleum products, oil-gas emulsions, liquefied gases, and non-corrosive liquid media and sediments. Petroleum pumping plants are typically installed in petrochemical and oil processing plants. They are also used in fuel supply systems for combined heat and power plants, large boiler plants, gas-filling stations, and water injection into strata in stratum pressure-holding systems. These pumps are available in various drive types, such as mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, and thermal, and different design options, including screw pumps, cradle-mounted pumps, and vertical semisubmersible pumps.

These pumping units are designed to control petroleum and petroleum products, like fuel, liquefied carbon gasses, water with admixtures, highly viscous liquids, etc. These pumps are reliable and safe operational and demonstrate an effective pumping process.

The specific property of petroleum pumping plants during which they dissent from different units is their capability to operate below special conditions. The high viscosity of the pumped substance is among the specific factors for using those plants. Whereas the petroleum is ongoing, the pump parts and other components are exposed to substances like hydrocarbons and too broad a selection of operation temperature and pressure values.

A rock oil pump should be sufficiently powerful because the unit lifts it from quite deep rock oil wells as a region of petroleum extraction and process. Those wells’ operation characteristics rely considerably on the energy used by crude oil process equipment. Thus, the pumping plant drive kind is chosen for installation by the operating conditions.

So, the drive sorts used in petroleum pumps could also be as follows:

Mechanical
Electrical
Hydraulic
Pneumatic
Thermal

The electric drive is the most convenient and provides the widest variety of characteristics for the rock oil pumping process, but the electrical power supply is essential for it. If the electrical power offer is unavailable, turbine motors or combustion motors will be used for petroleum pumps. Gas drives are installed on centrifugal rock oil plants below the conditions once the natural or associated gas energy is used, making the pumping plant way more efficient.

PETROLEUM PUMP FLUIDS

Petroleum pumps are wont to pump petroleum, petroleum product, oil-gas emulsions, liquefied gasses and substances similar in terms of their characteristics, and non-corrosive liquid media and sediments.

At rock oil extraction sites, these pumping plants are wont to inject flushing fluid during petroleum well drilling, to inject mud throughout flushing procedures within the scope of significant repairs, and to inject liquid media into strata, leading to a lot of intensive petroleum extraction. Also, petroleum pumps are wont to pump numerous non-corrosive liquid media (including liquid petroleum).

DESIGN OPTIONS AND TYPES

The design options standard for all Petroleum pumping plants, worthy of being mentioned initially, are as follows,

Hydraulics utilized in the pumping unit.
Specific materials creating petroleum pumps installable at outside sites outdoors
End sealing
Explosion protection for electrical motors.

A petroleum pumping plant with a drive is mounted on the integrated foundation. End protection with flushing and liquid delivery systems is mounted on the shaft and pump casing. The unit’s flow channel is formed of steel.

Screw crude oil pumping plants are operable below many more severe conditions than centrifugal ones. In screw units, no screw contacts are necessary to pump liquids; attributable to this truth, they will process contaminated substances with high-density implications.

Single-screw and double-screw petroleum screw pumps are available; both types demonstrate good self-suction in combination with a high head and pressure produced by these pumps.

Double-screw pumps to deal with viscous liquids excellently, even once exposed to atmospheric temperature variations.

Petroleum screw pumps are used to unload tanks and acid reservoirs, i.e. they’re used for works that can’t be carried out by centrifugal rock oil pumps.

Cradle-mounted pumps could also be designed with elastic or rigid couplings. These pumps are installed horizontally or vertically on feet or a central axis. Styles containing no collars also exist. Single-directional impellers are used in cradle-mounted single-stage petroleum pumps. These units are wont to pump petroleum or hot liquids.

Double-feet pumping plants are available in single-stage, double-stage or multistage styles. Single-casing and double-casing modifications and modifications with single-sided and double-sided suction exist. The temperature of the pumped substance must not exceed 200°C.
Vertical semisubmersible pumps (or suspended pumps) are made as single-casing or double-casing modifications, with a separate drain or drain running through the column. Also, these units will be equipped with guiding equipment or spiral housing.

The first group includes units wont to deliver petroleum to the machine-controlled metering plants, the central gathering plant, the stock petroleum tanks, the trunk pipeline central station, the pumps used for oil transportation at refineries, and the units for booster stations. The second group includes units for crude oil delivery to separators, centrifuges, and heat exchangers, into a furnace and columns.

MAJOR COMPONENTS OF PUMPS

Pump casing
Replacing ring
Pump support
Impeller
Waterproofing set
Oil chamber sealing
Shaft
Bearings
Fins
Bearing casing.

APPLICATION OF PETROLEUM PUMPS

Petroleum pumping units are used predominantly in the petrochemical and rock oil process industry. Also, this kind of pump is applied in alternative activities involving pumping petroleum, rock oil products, liquefied hydrocarbon gas or different substances with physical properties like those for the same meaning.

Pumps created in numerous environmental condition versions and pumps of various categories are designed for operation outdoors or in rooms where explosive gasses, vapours or dust–air mixtures will be made by operation conditions.

Thus, rock oil pumping plants are used:

At petroleum and gas extraction and petrochemical industry enterprises
Fuel offer systems for combined heat and power plants
At large boiler plants and gas-filling stations
At alternative enterprises involved in the distribution or use of petroleum products below explosive conditions
Numerous rock oil products pumping
Rock oil pumping at trunk pipelines
Stock petroleum piping
Gas condensation pumping
Liquefied gasses pumping
Hot water pumping at power industry facilities
Water injection into strata in stratum pressure-holding systems
Chemical reagents pumping
Acids and brines pumping
Explosive or fire-hazardous media pumping
Chemical agent pumping into strata for higher petroleum recovery
Chemical media pumping at petroleum and gas business facilities
Feedwater pumping in steam heating systems
In booster systems
In pressure generation systems.